135 FXUS61 KBUF 301047 AFDBUFArea Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Buffalo NY 647 AM EDT Tue Sep 30 2025
.SYNOPSIS... High pressure will guarantee fair dry weather through the entire week and into the coming weekend. A dry cold front will bring a more seasonable airmass to the region tonight through Thursday with some risk for nocturnal frost at the higher elevations. Temperatures then climb back above normal later in the week.
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.NEAR TERM /THROUGH TONIGHT/... The center of a strong 1033mb sfc high over northern Ontario will slowly drift eastward to Quebec across James Bay through tonight, ensuring fair dry weather remains in tact across the forecast area. A dry cold front is currently making its way southward through the region this morning, though for most today this will just result in a northerly breeze, high temps a few degrees cooler compared to the past few days, and cirrus stemming from TS Imelda slowly receding southward.
CAA behind the front will bring low temps in the mid 40s tonight, with upper 30s possible across the hilltops and east of Lake Ontario. Should still be enough of a gradient wind in place to preclude areas of frost from developing, though can`t completely rule out patchier frost in some of the higher elevations inland from the lakes.
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.SHORT TERM /WEDNESDAY THROUGH THURSDAY NIGHT/... Sprawling area of Canadian surface high pressure will be centered just east of James Bay to open the period Wednesday morning. The high will shift southeast across southern Quebec through Wednesday evening before settling across eastern NY and New England later Wednesday night through Thursday night. This will allow our stretch of dry weather to continue, but will deliver a northeasterly flow of much cooler air to the region. However, with the much above normal temperatures that were in place prior to the passage of the cold front, this will just bring daytime highs back down near normal. This will be a bit of a different story for overnight lows with high pressure becoming centered over eastern NY/western New England by the second half of Wednesday night. Combining the position of the high with light winds, clear skies, and a very dry airmass...expect temperatures to tumble Wednesday night possibly bringing about the necessity for frost, and possibly even freeze headlines for portions of the eastern Lake Ontario region where the western fringe of the core of the coolest air will be located closer to the center of the surface high.
As the surface high shifts into southern New England, a southerly low-level return flow will become established Thursday into Thursday night with weak WAA ensuing. There may also be some mid/upper level clouds passing across the area Thursday night, with both of these factors substantially lessening the threat of frost, although some patchy frost will still be possible across Lewis County...likely dependent on timing of aforementioned cloud cover.
Valley fog will be possible during the overnights through mid mornings, especially across the Southern Tier.
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.LONG TERM /FRIDAY THROUGH MONDAY/... High pressure remains in control through the period bringing continued dry weather. Mid and upper level ridging will build aloft through the period. With surface high pressure centered just south of New England through the period and rising heights/increasing subsidence aloft, expect another period of well above normal temperatures.
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.AVIATION /12Z TUESDAY THROUGH SATURDAY/... Widespread VFR will prevail through tonight as strong surface high pressure extends across the region from the north. The shield of SCT cirrus extending from the tropical activity in the western Atlantic will gradually recede southward through the morning hours. Any localized IFR/LIFR vsby restrictions in fog across the S. Tier valleys or SE or Lake Ontario will dissipate by 13-14z this morning.
Otherwise, a dry cold front moving south through the region will cause northeasterly breezes to increase today. Occasional gusts around 20kts will be possible during the afternoon.
Fog development should be very limited tonight with a light gradient wind persisting over the region.
Outlook...
Wednesday through Saturday...Mainly VFR. Valley fog and local IFR possible each late night through the morning hours.
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.MARINE... A strong area of surface high pressure will build east into Quebec through tonight, then shift southeast across New England through the rest of the week. A trough of low pressure aloft to the east of this high will cause a dry cold front to move across the lakes from the north today, causing northeasterly winds to increase. This will cause SCA conditions to first develop along the southern shoreline of Lake Ontario, with Lake Erie then following.
The tightening pressure gradient between the high to the north and the tropical weather environment in the western Atlantic will cause wind speeds to further increase this evening on both lakes. This will maintain SCA conditions on both lakes well into Wednesday and Wednesday night as outlined below.
Wind direction will start to become more easterly and relax as the sfc high to the north begins to move SE into Quebec later Wednesday night. The choppier wave action will subsequently subside and become directed more offshore through the night, with light to modest breezes and minimal wave action then expected Thursday and especially on Friday.
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.BUF WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... NY...Beach Hazards Statement from 11 AM EDT this morning through late Wednesday night for NYZ003-004. MARINE...Small Craft Advisory from 5 PM this afternoon to 2 AM EDT Thursday for LEZ040. Small Craft Advisory from 5 PM this afternoon to 11 PM EDT Wednesday for LEZ041. Small Craft Advisory from 11 AM this morning to 5 PM EDT Wednesday for LOZ042. Small Craft Advisory from 11 AM this morning to 5 AM EDT Thursday for LOZ043. Small Craft Advisory from 11 AM this morning to 2 AM EDT Thursday for LOZ044.
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SYNOPSIS...PP NEAR TERM...PP SHORT TERM...JM LONG TERM...JM AVIATION...PP MARINE...PP
NWS BUF Office Area Forecast Discussion